Optimizing reproducibility of operant testing through reinforcer standardization: identification of key nutritional constituents determining reward strength in touchscreens

Abstract Reliable and reproducible assessment of animal learning and behavior is a central aim of basic and translational neuroscience research.Recent developments in automated operant chamber technology have led to the possibility of universal standard protocols, in addition to increased translational Trifle Bowl potential, reliability and accurac

read more

Using Historical Islamic Sources to Promote Ethical Character

This article provides a survey of the development of Islamic ethical literature.It argues that this literature promotes not only submission to Allah Almighty and the divine law, it also portrays ethics as a path that offers a peaceful inner life and elicits cooperative behavior from others.This article surveys the most significant literary forms cu

read more